Global English

  Lesson1-2  Introduction to England

                                编写教师：王珊

Education is important in England. English children are required by law to have an education until they are 16 years old. Education is compulsory, but school is not, children are not required to attend school. They could be educated at home. Education is free for all children from 5 to 18. About 94 per cent of pupils in the UK receive free education from public funds, while 6 per cent attend independent fee paying schools. All government-run schools, state schools, follow the same National Curriculum.

Education stages

Children’s education in England is normally divided into two separate stages. They begin with primary education at the age of five and this usually lasts until they are eleven. Then they move to secondary school, there they stay until they reach sixteen, seventeen or eighteen years of age. English children are required to attend school until they are 16 years old.

At the age of 16, students write an examination called the GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education). All students are tested in mathematics, English literature, English composition, chemistry, biology, physics, history or the Classics, one modem language, and one other subject, such as art or computer studies.

After completing the GCSE, some students leave school, others go onto technical college, whilst others continue at high school for two more years and take a further set of standardized exams, known as A levels, in three or four subjects. These exams determine whether a student is eligible for university.

School Curriculum

National Curriculum is balanced and broad-based, comprising of the four core subjects, Mathematics, English, Science and Information Communication Technology, together with the foundation subjects of Information Technology, Design Technology, Geography,. History, Art, Music and Physical

Education.

Religious education is also provided for all children to develop an understanding of the nature of religious beliefs and practices and to acknowledge the importance and influence of these in the lives of believers. Health, Social and Citizenship Education (P. H. S. C. E. ) forms part of our curriculum throughout the school and includes a developing awareness of the potential dangers of alcohol, tobacco and drags, encouraging children to be confident in saying "No! ". P.S.H.E. also includes Sex Education. Teachers deal with children’ s questions about the physical differences between the sexes and about human reproduction factually and honestly as they arise. Sex Education is introduced in Year 3 though films made by the BBD Films are also used in Year 5 to further develop the children’ s knowledge. A copy of our school’ s Sex Education policy is available from the school.

Moreover, we have individual policies for every curriculum area. These are reviewed and updated regularly by members of staff who have a particular skill or interest.

School Tests

We need to know children’ s individual ability, potential and achievement. We therefore continuously assess their performance and progress. Much of this assessment is based on the teachers’ professional knowledge and expertise. We also carry out more structured tests at various times.

Generally the compulsory testing takes place at the ages of seven, eleven and fourteen in England and Scotland (but not Wales where more informal methods of assessment are favoreD) .

Most young people take GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) examinations at sixteen, and many take vocational qualifications, A/S and A levels (Advanced levels), at seventeen and eighteen when they apply for entrance of universities.

Words and expressions（词和短语）

1. compulsory  adj. 必修的                          2. pupil  n. 小学生

3. curriculum  n. 课程                                   4. separate  adj .分开的，独立的

5. literature  n.. 文学                             6. whilst  conj. 同时

7. standardized  adj. 标准的                            8. eligible  adj. 有资格的 

9. alcohol  n. 酒精                                         10. available  adj. 可使用的，可获得的

11. individual  adj. 独立的

Task

1 Background information（背景知识）

Do you know something about the education in England?

Can you list some characteristics?

2 Fast reading（快速阅读）

Read the passage quickly and answer（快速阅读并回答下列问题）:

1)What about the education stages in England?

2)What are the curriculum that the students have to study?

3Careful reading（细读）

1. What are the four core subjects of the national curriculum?

2. Translate the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.

1) English children are required by law to have an education until they are 16 years old.

2) National Curriculum is balanced and broad-based, comprising of the four core subjects.

3) Religious education is also provided for all children to develop an understanding of the nature of religious beliefs and practices and to acknowledge the importance and influence of these in the lives of believers.

4) Moreover, we have individual policies for every curriculum area.

5) These are reviewed and updated regularly by members of staff who have a particular skill or interest.

4 Key patterns(主要句型)

Analyze the sentence below:

After completing the GCSE, some students leave school, others go onto technical college.

5 Homework（作业）

Summarize the main idea of the passage.

Lesson3-4  The “Harry Potter” Guide To The U.K.

编写教师：王珊

1. 4 Privet Drive, Little Whinging (12 Picket Post Close, Martins Heron)

小惠金区女贞路4号（马丁斯·赫伦街区）

The Dursleys’ home, where Harry inhabits the cupboard under the stairs before he gets whisked away to Hogwarts, is actually a private home in Berkshire.

2. The reptile house where Harry first speaks to a snake (London Zoo, Regent’s Park)

哈利第一次和蛇讲“蛇佬腔”的爬虫馆（伦敦动物园，摄政公园）

Before he finds out he’s a wizard, Harry speaks to a boa constrictor in the Reptile House at London Zoo, causing his cousin to fall into the enclosure.

3. The Leaky Cauldron’s entrance (42 Bull’s Head Passage, Leadenhall Market and then 7 Stoney St., London)

破斧酒吧的入口（伦敦Leadenhall 市集牛首走道）

When Philosopher’s Stone was filmed, the pub was set in Leadenhall Market and its entrance was just an empty shop. Now, though, it’s an opticians called The Glass House. In Prisoner of Azkaban it moves southeast to 7 Stoney St.

4. Gringotts Bank (Exhibition Hall, Australia House)

古灵阁银行（澳大利亚众议院展览大厅）

Although the wizarding bank’s exterior is a set, its interior was filmed in Australia House, between Aldwych and the Strand.

5. Platform 9 ? (The wall between platforms 4 and 5, King’s Cross Station)

九又四分之三站台（国王十字车站位于站台4和站台5之间的一堵墙

The wall that witches and wizards run into to access Platform 9 ? is actually located between platforms 4 and 5 at King’s Cross Station.

6. Hogsmeade Station (Goathland Station, North Yorkshire)

霍格莫德车站（戈斯兰德火车站，北约克郡）

The station that serves both the village of Hogsmeade and Hogwarts is actually Goathland Station, on the North Yorkshire Moors Railway.

7. Hogwarts’ corridors (Gloucester Cathedral’s cloisters, Gloucestershire and New College’s cloisters, Oxford University)

霍格沃兹长廊（格洛斯特大教堂回廊和牛津大学的新学院回廊）

The corridor that leads to The Fat Lady and Gryffindor’s common room is located within Gloucester Cathedral’s cloisters. In Chamber of Secrets, this is also the corridor in which Ginny writes “The Chamber of Secrets has been opened” in blood on the walls.

8. Hogwarts’ quadrangle (Durham Cathedral’s cloisters, County Durham)

霍格沃兹的方院（达勒姆大教堂的修道院，达勒姆郡 ）

The snowy quadrangle where Harry first sets Hedwig flying is actually part of Durham Cathedral. This is also where Ron regurgitates slugs in Chamber of Secrets.

9. Snape’s Potions classroom (The Sacristy, Lacock Abbey)

斯内普的魔药课教室（拉科克修道院的圣器收藏室）

Professor Snape’s classroom, where he teaches his students “how to bottle fame, brew glory and even put a stopper in death,” is based in Wiltshire.

10. Quirrell’s Defense Against the Dark Arts classroom (The Warming Room, Lacock Abbey)

奇洛的黑魔法防御艺术教室（拉科克修道院的取暖室）

Also located in the Wiltshire Abbey is professor Quirrell’s classroom. It houses a genuine cauldron.

Words and expressions（词和短语）

1. inhabit  v. 居住                                        2. cupboard  n. 食品柜，密室

3. whisk   v. 拂，掸，搅动                            4. wizard  n. 巫师

5. constrictor  n. 巨蟒                          6. enclosure  n. 圈占，围绕

7. optician  n. 眼镜商                               8. exterior  n. 外部

9. access  n. 途径，通道                             10. corridor  n. 走廊

Task

1 Background information（背景知识）

Do you know where is the film Harrpy Potter be photographed?

Can you list some attractions?

2 Fast reading（快速阅读）

Read the passage quickly and answer（快速阅读并回答下列问题）:

1) How many scenes are mentioned in the text?

2) Which is your favorite? Why?

3 Homework（作业）

Try to find more information of the different scenes and identify it in the film.

   Introduction to Amrica

Lesson 5-6  The Making of a Nation

编写教师：王珊

The American Revolution was fought for several reasons. One of the most important was the idea that citizens of a country should have a voice in its decisions. The men who led the revolt against Britain wanted to be able to vote. They agreed that a citizen should have a voice in the government that ruled his country. British citizens in the American colonies paid taxes but had no representative in the British Parliament. This lack of representation caused a growing anger in the American colonies.

When the men who led the revolt against Britain formed a new government they made sure that all free men who owned land and paid taxes were permitted to vote. More importantly they decided that any free citizen could be a candidate for public office.

George Washington, began life as a farmer. He became a military commander and the first president of the United States. He became a soldier because his country needed him. He became president because the citizens of the new country wanted him as their leader. When his time as president was over, George Washington gave up power and once again became a farmer and a private citizen.

Thomas Jefferson wrote the beautiful words of the Declaration of Independence. That document told the world that the people in this new country would no longer answer to a European ruler.

Some of the men who formed the United States into a nation during the seventeen-hundreds were well educated and wealthy. Abraham Lincoln was not. He was proof that in a nation of equal laws, a poor man could rise to become the president of the United States.

Abraham Lincoln became president during the eighteen-sixties when several southern states decided they no longer wanted to be part of the United States.

There was a famous speech that President Lincoln gave in the little town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. A great battle had been fought there. President Lincoln had been asked to come to Gettysburg to say a few words at the dedication of a military burial place.

What he said that day became one of the most famous speeches in the English language. President Lincoln’s speech honored the young men who had died on that bloody battlefield. He also told the world why the terrible war was being fought and why it was so important. In only a few words, President Lincoln explained the idea that was, and is still, so important to each citizen of the United States.

"Four Score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.”

The years from nineteen-twenty to nineteen-twenty nine was a time when young men and women began to change some of the traditions of their parents and grandparents. The Roaring Twenties were years of revolution in social values among some Americans.

Movies were new and exciting. Music was changing. And newspapers were printing as many as five editions a day to present the latest news. By the end of the Roaring Twenties, radios could be found in most American homes. And a young pilot named Charles Lindbergh flew a small plane from the United States to an airport near Paris, France. He became a world hero for flying alone across the Atlantic Ocean.

The Roaring Twenties ended with a crash. That crash was the beginning of the worst economic crisis in American history. The economic crisis was called the Great Depression. The MAKING OF A NATION explains what caused this depression. We tell how millions of Americans were without work. We tell the sad story of people who lost their jobs, their homes and their hope for the future. We tell how this great economic failure affected Americans and the rest of the world.

Words and expressions（词和短语）

1.revolt   n. 造反，反叛                              2. colony  n. 殖民地

3.representative  n. 代表                       4. parliament   n. 议会

Task

1 Background information（背景知识）

Do you know something about the history of America?

Can you list some important people in making the nation America?

2 Fast reading（快速阅读）

Read the passage quickly and answer（快速阅读并回答下列问题）:

1) How many important people are mentioned in the text?

2) What is the Roaring Twenties?

3.Careful reading(慢速阅读)

1) Who wrote Gettysburg Address？

2) What happened during the Roaring Twenties?

3) What are the reasons of American Revolutions?

4.Key patterns

Our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

5 Homework（作业）

To read the Gettysburg Address.

Lesson 7-8  The American Government

编写教师：王珊

In 1787, the United States Constitution was written to create a strong national government, one that did not abuse its power but protected the freedom of each American citizen. As a result, the three branches of the United States government were created: the Legislative Branch, the Executive Branch and the Judicial Branch.

The Constitution

The Constitution is the supreme law of the United States and is the source of all government powers. It is the Constitution that puts limitations on the nation’s government, securing citizens’ rights and freedoms. The founders created the three branches of the government, balanced by powers of the President, Congress and the Supreme Court. With this balance, it was hoped that the government would serve the nation’s citizens and set an example for nations all over the world.

Legislative

Under the Legislative Branch of the United States government is Congress, which is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives, which has 435 members, has the power to initiate revenue bills and impeach federal officials. The Senate, composed of 100 Senators, confirms the President’s appointments that require consent, as well as ratifies treaties. Some exceptions, however, are that the House must approve appointments of the Vice Presidency and treaties that involve foreign trade. To pass legislation and obtain the President’s signature, the House and Senate must pass the same bill by majority vote. They may also override a President’s vetoed bill by passing the bill again. It is Congress that gets authority to enact legislation and declare war.

Executive

The Executive Branch of the government is headed by the President of the United States, and is made up of the both President and Vice President, Executive Office of the President and the Cabinet. This branch enforces laws in the United States. The President implements and enforces laws written by Congress. The Vice President assumes presidency if anything should happen to the President. The Cabinet is responsible for day-to-day enforcement and administration of federal laws.

Judicial

Members of the Judicial Branch of the United States government are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. It is made up of the court system, with the Supreme Court being the highest in the country. The Supreme Court is made up of nine justices, with one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. All Justices are nominated by the President and hold their offices under life tenure. In the Judicial process, according to Article III of the Constitution, all persons deserve the right to a fair trial if accused of wrongdoing and must stand before a judge and jury. Only a small number of cases each year are heard by the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court interprets Constitutional laws and hears cases that might be Constitutionally-challenged.

Words and expressions（词和短语）

1.constitution  n.宪法                             2. abuse   v. n. 滥用

3.freedom    n. 自由                     4. legislation n. 立法

5.executive   n. 行政                     6. judicial  adj. 司法的

7.supreme   adj. 最高的                  8.initiate  v. 发起

9.revenue    n. 税收                     10. impeach  v. 弹劾，怀疑

11.federal    adj. 联邦的                 12. obtain  v. 获得

Task

1 Background information（背景知识）

Do you know something about the government component of America?

Can you list some important people in American government?

2 Fast reading（快速阅读）

Read the passage quickly and answer（快速阅读并回答下列问题）:

1) How many branches of American govenmentt?

2) What are the three branches?

3.Careful reading(慢速阅读)

1) What is Legislative made up of？

2) What is executive made up of?

3) What is judicial made up of?

4.Key patterns

Court is made up of nine justices, with one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices.

5 Homework（作业）

To make a list of the three branches.